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What do we know about the origin of dogs?

Section

#AllAboutDogsAndCats

Date

December 28th, 2022

Archaeozoology and Anthrozoology, both new disciplines, have provided information about the origin of dogs from the moment when they were domesticated by humans. These studies are as relevant as those that have documented the evolutionary processes of humanity.

In 1986, the Paleozoology Laboratory was created in the Institute of Anthropological Research at the Universidad Autónoma de México (UNAM), with the aim of bringing together, in a single study center, specialists who can delve into the subject of ancient and current fauna, to focus on its cultural value.

This initiative arises from the fact that during archeological excavations in our country, skeletal remains of animals undoubtedly provide clues to the links they had with humans, whether they kept them as pets, the fact they bestowed upon them religious symbolism, and even that they were a part of their diet.


Anders Mejlvang / Pixabay

Dr. Raul Valadez, one of the scientists responsible for the laboratory, has contributed with a solid data base on the history of the hairless Mexican dog know as Xoloitzcuintle; additionally, together with other researchers, he has identified other breeds of native dogs that were present in the region of Mexico before the arrival of the Spaniards:

“The short-faced dog of the Mayan or Malich area; the Mesoamerican common dog or Itzcuintli; the short-legged dog or Tlalchichi, and the Loberro, the result of the cross between a common dog and a wolf.”

Images courtesy of Dr. Raúl Valadez ©César Fernández. IIA-UNAM.

Their research is based on field studies and bone taxonomy from the animal remains they have found, and focuses on the human-animal bond and its transformation since the pre-Hispanic period.

Source: Valadez Raúl, "Perros pelones del México prehispánico" in the journal Arqueobios No. 3 Vol. 1, december 2009.

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